(一)主要目標

    2009年哥本哈根會議召開前，中國政府宣布了到2020年單位國內生產總值溫室氣體排放比2005年下降40％—45％的行動目標，并作為約束性指標納入國民經濟和社會發(fā)展中長期規(guī)劃。2011年3月，中國全國人大審議通過的《中華人民共和國國民經濟和社會發(fā)展第十二個五年規(guī)劃綱要》提出“十二五”時期中國應對氣候變化約束性目標：到2015年，單位國內生產總值二氧化碳排放比2010年下降17％，單位國內生產總值能耗比2010年下降16％，非化石能源占一次能源消費比重達到11.4％，新增森林面積1250萬公頃，森林覆蓋率提高到21.66％，森林蓄積量增加6億立方米。這彰顯了中國政府推動低碳發(fā)展、積極應對氣候變化的決心。

    (二)政策行動

1. Main Objectives

Before the Copenhagen Climate Change Conference was held in 2009, the Chinese government had announced the objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions per-unit GDP by 40-45 percent by 2020 as compared with that in 2005, and had it included as a compulsory indicator in its medium- and long-term program for national economic and social development. In March 2011, the Outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People' s Republic of China adopted by the National People's Congress stated the following compulsive objectives to address climate change during the 12th Five-Year Plan period: By 2015, carbon dioxide emission per-unit GDP would be reduced by 17 percent and energy consumption per-unit GDP by 16 percent as compared with that in 2010; the proportion of consumption of non-fossil energy to the consumption of primary energy would be increased to 11.4 percent; and the acreage of new forests would increase by 12.5 million ha, with the forest coverage rate raised to 21.66 percent and the forest growing stock increased by 600 million cu m. This fully demonstrates Chinese government' s determination to promote low-carbon development and address climate change.

2. Policies and Actions

    圍繞上述目標任務，“十二五”期間，中國將重點從十一個方面推進應對氣候變化相關工作。

    一是加強法制建設和戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃。按照中國全國人大常委會通過的《關于積極應對氣候變化的決議》要求，研究制定專門的應對氣候變化法，并根據(jù)應對氣候變化工作的需要，對相關法律、法規(guī)、條例、標準等作出修訂。開展中國低碳發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、適應氣候變化總體戰(zhàn)略研究，提出中國應對氣候變化及控制溫室氣體排放的技術發(fā)展路線圖。組織編制《國家應對氣候變化規(guī)劃(2011—2020)》，指導未來10年中國應對氣候變化工作。

Centering on the aforesaid objectives, China will cope with climate change in the following 11 major aspects during the 12th Five-Year Plan period:

First, strengthening the legal system building and strategic planning. In accordance with the requirements set in the Resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People' s Congress on Making Active Responses to Climate Change, China will study and enact special laws in addressing climate change, and revise relevant laws, regulations, rules and standards in line with the requirements of the work on climate change. China will also conduct research in low-carbon development strategy and study of the overall strategy to adapt to climate change, put forward China' s road map for technological development to respond to climate change and control greenhouse gas emission, and compile the National Plan to Address Climate Change (2011-2020) to guide the work in the coming ten years.