七、廉政教育和廉政文化建設(shè)
教育是反腐敗和廉政建設(shè)的一項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)性工作。多年來(lái)，中國(guó)堅(jiān)持不懈地在國(guó)家工作人員中開(kāi)展廉潔從政教育，在全社會(huì)加強(qiáng)廉政文化建設(shè)，促使國(guó)家工作人員增強(qiáng)廉潔自律意識(shí)，推動(dòng)全社會(huì)形成崇尚廉潔的良好風(fēng)尚。
中國(guó)把對(duì)黨員和國(guó)家工作人員進(jìn)行國(guó)家法律法規(guī)和黨紀(jì)政紀(jì)教育作為廉潔從政教育的一項(xiàng)經(jīng)常性工作。中共中央政治局經(jīng)常組織有關(guān)法制的集體學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)推動(dòng)全社會(huì)特別是黨員和國(guó)家工作人員提高法律意識(shí)起到良好的帶動(dòng)作用。目前，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的各級(jí)組織和國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)集體學(xué)習(xí)已形成制度。中國(guó)政府積極開(kāi)展全民普法教育，從1986年起，在全體公民特別是國(guó)家工作人員中連續(xù)實(shí)施了5個(gè)五年普及法律知識(shí)教育，共有8億多人次接受了各種形式的法制教育，增強(qiáng)了公眾的法治觀念和對(duì)國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)、國(guó)家工作人員廉潔從政的監(jiān)督意識(shí)。
VII. Education in Clean Government and Construction of a Culture of Integrity
Education is a basic work for the fight against corruption and construction of a clean government. Over the years, China has unremittingly carried out education among state functionaries in performing official duties with integrity and strengthened the construction of a culture of integrity throughout the country to en-hance in state functionaries a sense of integrity and self-discipline and foster throughout the society the fine tradition of upholding integrity.
China makes educating Party members and state functionaries in state laws and regulations as well as Party and government dis-cipline a routine work in anti-corruption education. The Politburo of the CPC Central Committee regularly organizes group studies of the law, which has played an exemplary role in enhancing the legal awareness of the general public, especially Party members and state functionaries. It has now become a rule for Party organizations at all levels and state organs to hold group studies. The Chinese gov-ernment energetically promotes nationwide education in general knowledge of the law. Since 1986, it has successively carried out five five-year plans of such education among all citizens, espe-cially state functionaries, with over 800 million people receiving such education in different forms, thus enhancing the awareness of the general public in the rule of law and the sense of the state or-gans and state functionaries in accepting supervision during their performance of official duties.
中國(guó)重視對(duì)國(guó)家工作人員的廉政教育培訓(xùn)，筑牢拒腐防變的思想道德防線。制定《干部教育培訓(xùn)工作條例(試行)》和全國(guó)干部教育培訓(xùn)規(guī)劃，把廉潔從政教育作為干部教育培訓(xùn)的重要內(nèi)容。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的各級(jí)黨校、政府的各級(jí)行政學(xué)院和其他干部培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)，把廉潔從政教育納入教學(xué)計(jì)劃，作為各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部的必修課程。建立50個(gè)全國(guó)廉政教育基地，編寫(xiě)廉潔從政教育讀本，有針對(duì)性地開(kāi)展崗位廉政教育和培訓(xùn)。對(duì)于新任領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部和新錄用的國(guó)家工作人員，進(jìn)行任職和上崗前的廉政培訓(xùn)，建立廉政培訓(xùn)檔案。一些省(自治區(qū)、直轄市)在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部選拔前進(jìn)行廉政法律法規(guī)考試，并將考試合格作為重要的任職條件。在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部任職前進(jìn)行廉政談話(huà)，做到防范在先。
中國(guó)注重開(kāi)展示范教育和警示教育。通過(guò)新聞媒體報(bào)道、召開(kāi)先進(jìn)事跡報(bào)告會(huì)、拍攝影視作品等形式，宣傳黨員干部和國(guó)家工作人員中的先進(jìn)典型和他們的事跡。通過(guò)編寫(xiě)典型案例教材、拍攝警示教育片、建設(shè)警示教育基地、舉辦警示教育展覽以及涉案人員現(xiàn)身說(shuō)法等靈活多樣的形式，教育廣大黨員干部和國(guó)家工作人員引以為戒，發(fā)揮典型案件的教育作用，達(dá)到懲處一個(gè)、教育一片的目的。
China attaches importance to education and training in integrity among state functionaries, fortifying in them the ideological and moral defense line against corruption. The Regulations for Cadre Education and Training (Trial) and a nationwide plan for cadre education and training have been worked out, which designate education in performing official duties with integrity as a key con-tent of such education and training. Education in performance of official duties with integrity has been incorporated into the teach-ing plans of the CPC’s Party schools and the government’s schools of administration at all levels, as well as other organizations of cadre training, making it a required course for leading cadres of all levels. China has established 50 national bases for education in clean government and compiled related textbooks, and has carried out targeted on-the-job education and training in this regard. Training in performance of official duties with integrity has been held for newly elected or appointed leading cadres and newly recruited state functionaries before they take their offices, and files have been established for such training. In some provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government), examinations in laws and regulations related to clean government are held for those before they are selected to take leading positions, and passing such examinations has been taken as one important qualification for such positions. As a measure of precaution, talks related to clean government will be held with the would-be leading cadres before they assume office.
China emphasizes the demonstrative education with examples and admonishing education. It publicizes exemplary Party mem-bers and state functionaries and their deeds through news media, films and TV programs, and holding meetings to publicize their meritorious deeds. By compiling educational materials of typical cases, shooting films warning people against corrupt behavior, es-tablishing education bases, holding relevant exhibitions and orga-nizing corrupt officials to give speeches from their own experiences, it whets Party members, cadres and state functionar-ies’ awareness against corruption. It also uses typical cases to edu-cate people, thereby punishing one as an example to others.
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