(2)轉(zhuǎn)譯為并列分句
若定語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng),對(duì)主句中先行詞的限制關(guān)系較弱,為了符合漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣,可將其轉(zhuǎn)譯為并列分句。
例五 :The blood flows from the small arteries into the capillaries in which it gives up oxygen to the body cells and removes wastes from the tissues.
【說(shuō)明】in which譯為“在毛細(xì)血管中”。
【譯文】血液由小動(dòng)脈流入毛細(xì)血管,在毛細(xì)血管中把氧釋放給身體的細(xì)胞并清除組織中的廢物。
例六: Several different clinical classifications exist which vary only in detail.
【說(shuō)明】which引f的定語(yǔ)從句修飾classifications.可靈活地譯為“而”。
【譯文】有幾種不同的臨床分類(lèi)法,而這些方法也只是細(xì)節(jié)上有所差異。
例七: The heart is a muscular organ which is divided into a right and left half by a muscular wall.
【說(shuō)明】which可省略不譯,其他部分照譯。
【譯文】心臟是肌性器官,由肌壁分為左右兩半。
例八:Matter is composed of molecules that are composed of atoms.
【說(shuō)明】引導(dǎo)詞that可重復(fù)先行詞的內(nèi)容“分子”。
【譯文】物質(zhì)由分子組成,而分子又由原子組成。
(3)轉(zhuǎn)譯為狀語(yǔ)從句
有時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句在意義上起著各種狀語(yǔ)從句的作用,表示主句謂語(yǔ)的原因,結(jié)果、目的、條件、讓步、伴隨等關(guān)系。翻譯此類(lèi)從句時(shí),可作狀語(yǔ)處理。
例九 :The sick child who had been given the medicine soon fell asleep.
【說(shuō)明】who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)譯為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。