在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的今天，各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)你中有我、我中有你，特別是大型經(jīng)濟(jì)體之間存在緊密的相互聯(lián)系，是互利共贏的合作關(guān)系。美方宣稱對(duì)華貿(mào)易逆差超過5000億美元、美國(guó)“吃虧”了。事實(shí)上，美對(duì)華貿(mào)易逆差是產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力、經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)、國(guó)際分工、貿(mào)易政策、貨幣供給等多種客觀因素影響的結(jié)果。中美雙邊貿(mào)易中，順差在中國(guó)，利益在雙方。中國(guó)是美國(guó)重要出口市場(chǎng)，美對(duì)華出口為美國(guó)創(chuàng)造了大量就業(yè)。2019年5月美中貿(mào)易全國(guó)委員會(huì)發(fā)布的《2019年各州對(duì)華出口報(bào)告》指出“2009年至2018年10年間，美國(guó)對(duì)華出口支撐了超過110萬(wàn)個(gè)美國(guó)就業(yè)崗位，中國(guó)市場(chǎng)對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)至關(guān)重要”。更重要的是，美方從中美貿(mào)易中獲利豐厚。中國(guó)對(duì)美貨物貿(mào)易順差中，54%來自外資企業(yè)，53%來自加工貿(mào)易。中國(guó)從加工貿(mào)易中只賺取少量加工費(fèi)，而美國(guó)從設(shè)計(jì)、零部件供應(yīng)、營(yíng)銷等環(huán)節(jié)獲益巨大。美自華進(jìn)口大量質(zhì)優(yōu)價(jià)廉的產(chǎn)品，才得以維持較低的通脹率，提高了美民眾實(shí)際購(gòu)買力，增加藍(lán)領(lǐng)工人等中低收入群體福利。
Thanks to economic globalization today, economies, particularly the larger ones, are highly interdependent featuring mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation. The US claim it is "losing" in that its trade deficit with China exceeded $ 500 billion. As a matter of fact, the trade deficit with China results from both artificially-imposed restrictions, such as export control, and market forces, including industrial competitiveness, economic structure, trade policies, the position of the US dollar as reserve currency, etc. Although China had a trade surplus, the bilateral trade benefits both sides. China has also stood as a major market for US export, creating large amounts of job opportunities in the US. According to a report released by the US-China Business Council in May 2019, U.S. exports to China supported more than 1.1 million American jobs from 2009 to 2018, reflecting the significance of China to the U.S. economy. More importantly, the US has also reaped enormous benefits from its trade with China. 54 percent of China's goods trade surplus from the United States was generated by foreign firms and 53 percent of the surplus came from processing trade. China only earned limited processing charges while the United States accumulated huge benefits from designing, parts supply and marketing. By trading with China, the United States imported a huge amount of high-quality products at low prices, and therefore managed to keep comparatively low inflation and raise the real purchasing power of the American people, especially the low and middle-income cohort.
中方始終堅(jiān)持通過對(duì)話協(xié)商解決分歧，始終抱著最大的耐心和誠(chéng)意，推進(jìn)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)磋商。面對(duì)美方關(guān)稅威脅，中方最大程度體現(xiàn)了推動(dòng)談判的誠(chéng)意和善意。然而，每當(dāng)雙方即將達(dá)成協(xié)議，美方采取霸凌主義態(tài)度和極限施壓手段，堅(jiān)持不合理的高要價(jià)，堅(jiān)持不取消經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦以來加征的全部關(guān)稅，堅(jiān)持在協(xié)議中寫入涉及中國(guó)主權(quán)事務(wù)的強(qiáng)制性要求，妄圖逼迫中方接受不可能接受的方案。美國(guó)甚至動(dòng)用國(guó)家力量無端打壓中國(guó)民營(yíng)企業(yè)華為，將華為列入美商務(wù)部“實(shí)體名單”，妄圖切斷華為供應(yīng)鏈，更是典型的經(jīng)濟(jì)霸凌行徑。
China is always committed to handling differences and disputes through dialogues and consultations, conducting multiple rounds of talks with the US administration with utmost sincerity and patience. Even threatened with tariff hike by the US, China has demonstrated complete sincerity and sat down for earnest consultations. However, everytime when the two sides are drawing close to a negotiated solution, the US resorted to intimidation and coercion, persisted with exorbitant demands, maintained the additional tariffs imposed since the friction began, and insisted on including mandatory requirements concerning China's sovereign affairs in the deal, in an effort to impose on China a solution that is totally unacceptable. The US has gone as far as to mount a groundless crackdown against the Chinese private-owned company Huawei. Using its state power, the US has placed Huawei on the so-called "entity list" and tried to sever its supply chain, which is typically economic bullying.
中美作為世界上最大的兩個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體，合作是唯一正確選擇，共贏才能通向更好的未來。中美達(dá)成一個(gè)互利雙贏的協(xié)議，既符合中美兩國(guó)利益，也順應(yīng)世界各國(guó)期待。但是，磋商是有原則的，需要建立在相互尊重、平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上。在中美貿(mào)易磋商中，美咄咄逼人，極限施壓，強(qiáng)迫中方作出重大原則讓步，這樣的談判不會(huì)取得成功。中方的態(tài)度是一貫的：談，大門敞開；打，奉陪到底。對(duì)于“貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)”，中方不愿打，但也不怕打，必要時(shí)不得不打。
For China and the US, the two biggest economies of the world, cooperation is the only correct choice and win-win is the only path to a better future. Striking a mutually beneficial and win-win agreement not only serves the interests of China and the US but also meets the expectations of the world. However, consultations has to be based on principles as well as built on mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit. Negotiations will get nowhere if the US puts "extreme pressure" and tries to coerce China into giving ground on issues of principle. China has been consistent and clear on its position, that China is open to negotiation, but will also fight to the end if needed. China does not want a trade war, neither is afraid of one and will have to fight one if necessary.
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