有力促進世貿組織新議題討論。中國推動世貿組織積極回應投資便利化、中小微企業(yè)、電子商務等世貿組織成員普遍關注的新議題并開展相關討論。發(fā)起成立“投資便利化之友”，引導70多個成員達成《關于投資便利化的部長聯合聲明》。加入“中小微企業(yè)之友”，推介中國在世貿組織相關提案中關于支持中小微企業(yè)的內容。加入“電子商務發(fā)展之友”，積極推動世貿組織電子商務議題多邊討論，分享經驗做法，幫助發(fā)展中成員從發(fā)展電子商務中受益。
切實履行《貿易便利化協定》。作為發(fā)展中成員，中國積極推動實施《貿易便利化協定》。中國組建了國家貿易便利化委員會，各有關部門通力協作，提高貿易便利化水平。截至2017年，各省（自治區(qū)、直轄市）已經建立了貿易便利化工作聯席會議制度，積極做好本地區(qū)貿易便利化相關工作。在履行該協定方面，中國的A類措施（協定生效后立即實施）所占比重達到94.5%，目前僅保留4項B類措施（協定生效后經過一定過渡期后實施）。中國將嚴格履行承諾，在3年過渡期后如期實施B類措施。
Mobilizing support for discussing new issues in the WTO. China has encouraged the WTO to respond to and discuss new topics of general interest to the members such as investment facilitation, micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), and e-commerce. China initiated “Friends of Investment Facilitation for Development (FIFD)” and sponsored the Joint Ministerial Statement on Investment Facilitation for Development signed by over 70 members. China joined the “Friends of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises”, and shared with other members its proposals that support MSMEs. As an advocate of multilateral discussions on e-commerce in the WTO, China joined “Friends of E-commerce for Development (FED)”, shared its experiences and helped other developing members benefit from e-commerce.
Faithfully implementing the Trade Facilitation Agreement. As a developing member, China has actively promoted the implementation of TFA. It has set up the National Committee on Trade Facilitation to coordinate the efforts of relevant government agencies to enhance trade facilitation. By 2017, China’s provinces (as well as autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) had all established a joint committee mechanism for trade facilitation in their respective jurisdictions. Regarding China’s TFA commitments, 94.5 percent of all commitments fall into Category A (immediately implemented upon entry into force of the TFA), and only four items belong to Category B (implemented after a transitional period following the TFA’s entry into force). China will honor its promise and implement all the Category B measures following a transitional period of three years after entry into force of the Agreement.
（二）有效維護爭端解決機制法律地位
積極維護爭端解決機制有效運轉。世貿組織爭端解決機制為保障國際貿易可預見性、維護多邊貿易體制穩(wěn)定發(fā)揮了重要作用。中國積極參與改進爭端解決程序的談判，支持世貿組織上訴機構獨立公正開展上訴審議工作。針對當前個別世貿組織成員阻撓上訴機構成員遴選，中國與60多個成員聯署提案，努力推動盡快啟動遴選程序。
妥善處理與其他成員的貿易糾紛。中國主張通過世貿組織爭端解決機制妥善解決貿易爭端。按照事項統(tǒng)計，截至2018年4月，中國在世貿組織起訴案件17項，已結案8項；被訴案件27項，已結案23項。中國通過主動起訴，遏制了少數世貿組織成員的不公正做法，維護了自身貿易利益和世貿規(guī)則權威。中國積極應對被訴案件，尊重并認真執(zhí)行世貿組織裁決，作出了符合世貿規(guī)則的調整，無一例被起訴方申請報復的情況。
2. Safeguarding the dispute settlement mechanism
Safeguarding the effective operation of the dispute settlement mechanism. The WTO dispute settlement mechanism has played a vital role in maintaining the predictability of international trade and the stability of the multilateral trading system. China has actively participated in the negotiations on improving the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes and supports the independence and impartiality of the WTO Appellate Body. Despite the attempt of certain WTO member to obstruct the appointment of members of the Appellate Body, China joined more than 60 members in submitting a proposal on starting the selection process at the earliest possible date.
Properly handling trade disputes with other WTO members. China supports WTO members to solve their trade disputes within the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. By April 2018, China had brought 17 disputes to the WTO, of which 8 had been concluded. Meanwhile, China had been complained against in 27 disputes, of which 23 had been concluded. By lodging complaints in the WTO, China redressed other members’ violation of obligations under the covered agreements, and defended its own trade interests as well as the authority of WTO rules. China also actively defended the cases against it, respected the WTO rulings, and made adjustments to its measures according to WTO rules. Up to now, none of the complainants has requested for retaliation against China.
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